Ornamental lamp shade and method of making same



April 23, 1929- B. H. SHAPIIRO 1,710,516

ORNAMENTAL LAMP SHADE AND METHOD OF MAKING SAME Filed May 14, 1928 \8 INVENTOR Ben amin H.5hapnro Patented Apr. 23, 1929.-

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BENJAMIN H. SHAI'IRO, 0F BROOKLYN, NEW YORK.

' onnnrrnnran LAMP snann AND METHOD or ivrnnnvesAivrn.

Application filed May 14,

My present invention relates generally to ornamentation and has particular reference to the ornamentation of lamp shades which are -made of parchment, paper, or similar librous material. From a broader aspect, my invention relates to the ornamentation of sheet material in general, particularly of the character mentioned above and popularly employed for lamp shades and the like.

It is one object of my present invention to provide an inexpensive, simple, yet highly e rective method of ornamenting sheet material of the character referred to; and thereby to provide ornamented sheet material havmg a unique and attractive appearance.

Another obj ectof my invention lies in providinga method of ornamentation which is capable of innumerable variations and hence of wide applicability. 'Although I have 'herein illustrated and shall hereinafter describe my invention as applied to the ornamentation of lamp shades, nevertheless it will be understood that as to certain phases of my invention such as specific application is not essential. 9

It is one feature of my invention to make use of the fibrous characterof the sheet material designed to be ornamented. More partieularly, I contemplate the weakening of the fibrous material along predetermined ornamental lines and in such a manner as to loosen the fibrous texture of the materia along such lines. I

Another feature of my invention lies in effecting an ornamentationwhich embodies contrast. Thus, where the ornamental fibrous sheet material is employed in the manufacture of lamp shades, at least one con,- 'trasting effect is produced by the passage of light through the relatively unweakened material as a whole and also through the weakened lines of ornamentation. l

A particular feature of my invention lies in producing a color contrast effect by the actual employment'of only one coloring 111G. dium. By the provision of predetermined weakened areas, and the consequent variation of texture, I produce the effect of two colors by subjecting the entire sheet material to a single bath of coloring matter,the latter being absorbed by the fibers ofthematerial and being automatically absorbed by an .in-

creased extent along the'predetermined lines of loosened or weakened texture.

Another feature of my 1nvent1onhes in combining the features outlined above and 1928. Serial no. 277,424.

thereby producing a three-fold contrast.

Thus, I may employ spaced perforations or severed portions along the. predetermined lines of weakness. Such severance serves not only to permit the direct passage of light throughsuch perforations, but it also serves to expose the interior fibers of the material and thereby enhances the effect automatically produced by the uneven penetration of the coloring matter into the fibers ofthe material.

In accordance with my object relating to cheapness and simplicity, it is 'a feature of my invention to provide the weakened lines of loosened texture by simply striking up integral ridges at intervals from the sheet material. This serves to forcibly bend the fibrous material and to loosen the texture thereof in the contemplated manner.

In one embodiment of my invention, I sever the apices of these ridges to provide perforations of the character previously mentioned, and I accomplish this by a unitary operation through the employment of a suitably constructed die or similar instrumentality. v

In another embodiment of my invention,

weakened linear areas are produced by simply folding or creasing thefibrous material along lines of predeterminedornamentation. I

To enhance the effects produced by my method of ornamentation, I prefer to employ sized, glazed, or oiled material, or to initially size or glaze a fibrous material so as to reduce the normal absorptive power thereof.

For the attainment of the foregoing objects v and such other'objects as may hereinafter appear or be pointed out, I have illustrated my invention in the accompanying drawings in which- 7 Figurel is a perspective view of a lamp shade constructed in accordance with my invention; v v

Figure 2 is afragmentary portion on an enlarged scale of the blank of sheet material employed in producing the lamp shade of Figure 1; i

' Figure 3 is a fragmentary view upon a greatly enlargedscale of the right-hand lower corner of Figure 2; and

ornamented parchment or paper '11 is attached in the downwardly divergent manner illustrated. The shade constituted by the blank 11 may be of any configuration or shape. In the illustrated embodiment l have shown a configuration in the nature of a frustuin of cone, and I have shown the lower edge of the shadescalloped as at 12.

My invention contemplates the ornamenting of the shade 11 by the provision thereon of suitably treated lines arranged along ornamental directions and in ornamental combinations to p1"oduc e,for example, the depiction 13 shown in Figure 1. v

In Figure 2 l have shown a fragmentary portion of the blank employed in. manufacturing the shade of Figure 1. The blank nay be of any desired fibrous material such. as paper or parchment. unsized, although I have found it preferable in carrying out my invention to employ a material which has been oiled or glazed or in some similar manner treated to reduce the normal absorptive power thereof.

In accordance with my invention, the lines defining the ornamentation desired are treated to weaken the material along such lines, more particularly, to loosen the texture of the material. In the illustrated construction I have provided a set of spaced ridges along the contemplated lines of ornamentation,

these ridges being integral with the material and struck up from the plane thereof.

The lines 14 of F i gure 2 are shown upon a greatly enlarged scale in Figure 3, and the latter figure, when viewed in connection with Figure 4c, discloses the nature of the treatment to which the illustra ed blank has been subjected. b

By means of a suitable die or similar instrumentality I provide the spaced ridges 15, these ridges being substantially rectangular in shape in the illustrated O lllllOdlD'lOIli. Obviously, however, they may be provided with circular, oval, or other shapes, depending upon requirements.

In Figure 41, it will be observed that the walls 1.6 which define these rid gesare int wilh the sheet material itself. By fort these walls out of the plane of the sheet ma terial, they are not only attenuated to a slight degree, but the fibrous texture thereof is considerably loor-sened.

It will be noted that l have illustrated the ridges 15 with their apices severed, the openings or perforations 17 being therebyreduced at inteiw'als-along the lines of ornamentation. This severance may be cifectod by properly designing and employing the instrumentality or die which produces the ridges.

A severance of the character illustrated results notonly in the provision of the perforations which permit i ht to pass unimpeeled therethrough, but it-exposes the inlt may be sized or blank are si terior fibers of the material adjacent to such perforations. For example, the extremities 18 of the walls 16 are constituted of exposed and loosened fibers of the material.

After having treated the material so as to weaken predetermined linear areas thereof, I subject the entire material to a liquid col-' oring matter, either by dipping, spraying, or otherwise. The coloring matter will be ab sorbed by the fibers of theentire material. If the material is unsized, it will be absorbed to a greater extent than if the material is glazed or sized. In either event, the absorption will be ionsiderably greater along the weakened'areas. the loos icd fibers having a greater absorptive power than the other fibers of the material. lllccordingly, thecoloring matter will automatically concentrate along the lines of weakened texture. lVhere ridges are employed for producing the desired weakness, the coloring matter will concentratevin and around the walls of the ridges and also between the latter.

As a result, the subsequent dryingof the material and of the coloring matter will saturate the fibers along the ornamental lines with a relatively concentrated mass of color. The appearance produced will be practically the same that which would result from de 'liberately painting, by hand, along the ornamental li'nes. V

In Figure 2, the shaded areas around the spaced ridges represent the areas of concentrated color; and. in Figure 3 the darkened areas 19 indicate upon an enlarged scale how these areas arrange themselves along the predetermined and desired ornamental lines. The darkened areas will. not be definitely defined but will merge gradually into the relatively lighter color of the body of the material. unique efl'ect produced but also serves to simulate the effect which would be produced by painting by hand. 7

In th figures, it will be noted that the areas immediately adjacent to the margins ofthe larly of a darker shade. This is due to the fact that the original cutting of the blank to the desired shape weakens the texture adjacent to the peripheraledges of.

the blank and exposes the alongthese edges.

lVherc the perforations 17 are provided, the exposed fibers in the ends 18 of the walls 16 will serve further to enhance the absorptien by these weakened areas of the coloring matter. As a result, immediately adjacentto the openings or perforations 17 the cbncentrated areas will be most, completely satu rated and will appear darkest in hue. A novel and unique effect is in this way pro duced, because of the contrast between the extremely light openings 17, the very dark boundaries of these openings, the darkened areas 19 extending-in a vague n'ianner away interior fibers This serves not only to enhance the lid pleteness atother places. 'In fact, it is preferable for the sake of attractive appearance that the perforations be more or less ununiform and somewhat ragged.

It will also be understood thatthe Weakened linear areas may be produced by means other than the provision of ridges. For example, I have found that in the manufacture of lamp shades wherein the material is provided with a set of pleats, the creases producing the pleats are to a certain extent capahis in a similar mannerto weaken the texture of the material adJa cent to the creases. In such an event, no ridges need be provided, but perforations along the linesof creasing will provide a very attractive ap pearance.

It will also be obvious thatmany changes in the details herein described and illustrated for the purpose of explaining the nature of my invention may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as ex pressed in the appended claims. fore intended that these details be interpreted as illustrative and not in limiting sense. j

Having thus described and illustrated my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1. The method of ornamenting fibrous sheet material, which comprises treating the material along predetermined ornamental lines to loosen the' texture of the. material along said lines, and subjecting the material to a liquid coloring matter, whereby said coloring matter will'automatically concentrate along said lines-of loosened texture.

2. The method of ornan'ienting fibrous sheet material, which comprises treating the material along predetermined ornamental lines to loosen the texture of the material along said lines, and dipping and removing the material into and from a bath of coloring matter, whereby said coloring matter will penetrate the fibres of the material and will automatically concentrate along said lines of loosened texture.

3. The method of ornamenting fibrous sheet material, which comprises sizing the material to reduce itsnormal absorptive power, treating the material along predetermined ornamental lines to loosen the texture of the material and restore the absorptive power thereof along said lines, and subject- It is thereing the material to a liquid coloring matter,

' whereby said coloring matter will automatically concentrate ened texture. I v

4. The method of ornamenting fibrous along said lines of loossheet material, which comprises sizing the material to reduce its normal absorptive power, treating the material along predetermined ornamentallines-to loosen the texture of the material and restore the absorptive power thereof along said lines, and dipping and removing the material into and from a bath of coloring matter, whereby said coloring matter will penetrate the fibres of the ma terial and will automatically concentrate along said linesot loosened texture. 1

. 5. The method of ornamenting fibrous sheet material, which comprises perforating the -material along predetermined ornamental lines and also loosening the texture of the material around said perforations,and'immersing the material in a coloring matter, whereby said coloring matter will penetrate the fibres 0t" t-hematerial and particularly through the walls of said perforations, thereby automati cally concentraing along and adjacent to said lines.

6. The method oforna menting fibrous sheet material, which comprises forcing a set of ridgesout of the plane of the material and along predetermined ornamental lines, said procedure loosening the texture of the mate. rial of said ridges, severing said ridges at their apices to expose the interior fibres of i said loosened-texture material, and applying a liquid coloring matter to said ridges, Whereby said coloring matterwill penetrate said interior fibres and the fibres adjacent thereto and will automatically concentrate around said ridges. I

7. The method of making an ornamental lamp shade which comprises cutting a blank of fibrous material to the shape desired, forc ing. the material of the blank out of the plane I thereof along lines of predetermined ornamentation, sa1d procedure being such as to loosen'the texture of the material along said lines, immersing the entire blank in a liquid coloring matter wherebythe latter will penetrate the fibres of the blank and will automatically'concentrate along said lines of loosened 'texture,.and' then permitting the blank to dry.

8. Themethod of making an ornamental lamp shade which comprises cutting a blank ot fibrous material to theshape desired, forcing the material of the blank out of the plane thereof at spaced intervals along predetermined ornamental lines, thereby producing a plurality ofspaced integral ridges, severing said ridges'at their apices to expose the interior fibres thereof, and applying a liquid coloringmatter to said ridges, whereby said coloring matter will penetrate the'fibres there of and will concentrate along and adjacent said lines of ornamentation.

'9. An ornamental lamp shade comprising a blank of fibrous material, said blank having a-redetermined linear areas thereof weakened so as to loosen the fibrous texture thereof, and a coloring matter in absorbed association With the fibres of the blank and concentrated throughout the fibres of loosened texture.

10. An ornamental lamp shade comprising a blank of fibrous material, said blank having predetermined linear areas thereof weakened so as to loosen the fibrous texture thereof, and a coloring matter in absorbed association with the fibres of the blank and concentrated th roughout the fibres of loosened texture, said weakened linear areas being provided With spaced perforations so as to provide acontrasting effect between the light passing 7 directly through he perforations and the light passing through the adjacent areas of concentrated color.

11. An ornamental. lamp shade comprising a blank of fibrous material, said blank having predetermined linear areas thereof Weakened so as to loosen the fibrous texture thereof, and a coloring matter in absorbed association with the fibres of the blank and concentrated throughout the fibres of loosened texture, said weakened linear areas being provided With a setof spaced ridges struck up from the blank.

H 1.2. An ornamental lamp shade comprising a blank of fibrous material, said blank having predetermined linear areas thereof Weakened so as to loosen the fibrous texture thereof, and a coloring matter in absorbed association With the fibres of the blank and concentrated throughout the fibres of loosened texture, said weakened linear areas being provided with a set of spaced and perforated ridges struck up frolnthe blank.

13. An ornamental lamp shade comprising a blank of fibrous material, said blank having predetermined linear areas thereof Weakened so as to loosen the fibrous texture thereof, said areas being produced by forcibly bending the material of the blank out of the plane thereof.

14:. An ornamental lamp shade comprising a blank of fibrous material, said blank haV- ing predeterminedlinear areas thereof Weak- In Witness whereof Ihave signed this specification this 10 day of May, 1928.

BENJAMIN n3. sI-IAPIRQQ 

